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About the air-conditioning motor maintenance method
Date：May 17th,2023
Types of motor: air conditioner compressor, fan and other devices are using motor drive, small household window air conditioner and split air conditioner use single-phase asynchronous motor, larger capacity cabinet air conditioner use three-phase asynchronous motor, swing device and electronic expansion valve using more miniature synchronous motor or stepping motor drive. The motor used in the air conditioner can be divided into air guide motor, compressor motor and indoor / outdoor fan motor.
1. Wind guide motor
Wind guide motor is also known as swing leaf motor, it can swing back and forth to automatically export the cold air blown out by the indoor fan, realizing large Angle and multi-direction air supply. Wind guide motor is divided into pulse step motor and synchronous motor.
Pulse stepping motor working principle: pulse stepping motor control system consists of stepping motor controller, stepping motor driver, stepping motor three parts, stepping motor controller is the command center, it signal pulse to stepping motor driver, and stepping motor drive received signal pulse pulse into electric pulse, drive stepping motor rotation, controller each a signal pulse, stepping motor rotate an Angle, its rotation is a fixed Angle step by step. The controller can control the rotation angle of the stepping motor by controlling the number of pulses. The rotation speed of the stepping motor is precisely controlled by controlling the pulse frequency.
Features of the pulse stepping motor: 1. The system control inertia is small, high speed.
2. Accurate output pulse.
3. Strong real-time performance.
4. Good anti-electromagnetic characteristics, strong anti-interference ability.
(2) Working principle of synchronous wind guide motor: when the synchronous motor works, the three-phase winding of the stator enters into the three relative current, and the excitation winding of the rotor flows into the DC current. A rotating magnetic field is generated in the air gap in the stator three winding. A stationary magnetic field with a constant polarity. If the pole logarithm of the rotor magnetic field is equal to the pole logarithm of the stator magnetic field, the rotor magnetic field rotates with the stator rotating magnetic field due to the magnetic tension of the stator magnetic field, that is, the rotor rotates with the speed and direction equivalent to the rotating magnetic field, which is the basic working principle of the synchronous motor.
2. Compressor electric motor
Compressor motor must have high temperature resistance, large start torque, can adapt to the fluctuation of power supply voltage, shock, vibration, refrigerant and oil erosion resistance. The commonly used compressor motor has single-phase asynchronous motor and asynchronous frequency conversion speed control motor.
① Working principle of single-phase asynchronous motor: the single-phase asynchronous motor is a rotating motor powered by single-phase AC power supply, and its stator winding is single-phase. When the single phase alternating current is connected, it will produce an alternating pulsating magnetic field in the air gap of the fixed rotor, so the single phase asynchronous motor cannot start itself. In the AC motor, when the stator winding passes through the AC current, the armature magnetic motive potential is established, which has a great influence on the energy conversion and operation performance of the motor. Therefore, the single-phase AC winding flows into the single-phase AC to generate the pulse magnetic electromotive potential, which can be decomposed into two equal amplitude and opposite speed, so as to establish the forward and reverse magnetic field sum in the air gap. The two rotating magnetic fields cut the rotor conductor and are separately in the rotor
1. Wind guide motor
Wind guide motor is also known as swing leaf motor, it can swing back and forth to automatically export the cold air blown out by the indoor fan, realizing large Angle and multi-direction air supply. Wind guide motor is divided into pulse step motor and synchronous motor.
Pulse stepping motor working principle: pulse stepping motor control system consists of stepping motor controller, stepping motor driver, stepping motor three parts, stepping motor controller is the command center, it signal pulse to stepping motor driver, and stepping motor drive received signal pulse pulse into electric pulse, drive stepping motor rotation, controller each a signal pulse, stepping motor rotate an Angle, its rotation is a fixed Angle step by step. The controller can control the rotation angle of the stepping motor by controlling the number of pulses. The rotation speed of the stepping motor is precisely controlled by controlling the pulse frequency.
Features of the pulse stepping motor: 1. The system control inertia is small, high speed.
2. Accurate output pulse.
3. Strong real-time performance.
4. Good anti-electromagnetic characteristics, strong anti-interference ability.
(2) Working principle of synchronous wind guide motor: when the synchronous motor works, the three-phase winding of the stator enters into the three relative current, and the excitation winding of the rotor flows into the DC current. A rotating magnetic field is generated in the air gap in the stator three winding. A stationary magnetic field with a constant polarity. If the pole logarithm of the rotor magnetic field is equal to the pole logarithm of the stator magnetic field, the rotor magnetic field rotates with the stator rotating magnetic field due to the magnetic tension of the stator magnetic field, that is, the rotor rotates with the speed and direction equivalent to the rotating magnetic field, which is the basic working principle of the synchronous motor.
2. Compressor electric motor
Compressor motor must have high temperature resistance, large start torque, can adapt to the fluctuation of power supply voltage, shock, vibration, refrigerant and oil erosion resistance. The commonly used compressor motor has single-phase asynchronous motor and asynchronous frequency conversion speed control motor.
① Working principle of single-phase asynchronous motor: the single-phase asynchronous motor is a rotating motor powered by single-phase AC power supply, and its stator winding is single-phase. When the single phase alternating current is connected, it will produce an alternating pulsating magnetic field in the air gap of the fixed rotor, so the single phase asynchronous motor cannot start itself. In the AC motor, when the stator winding passes through the AC current, the armature magnetic motive potential is established, which has a great influence on the energy conversion and operation performance of the motor. Therefore, the single-phase AC winding flows into the single-phase AC to generate the pulse magnetic electromotive potential, which can be decomposed into two equal amplitude and opposite speed, so as to establish the forward and reverse magnetic field sum in the air gap. The two rotating magnetic fields cut the rotor conductor and are separately in the rotor